Cuban Missile Crisis

As I woke up this morning, President of the United States, I felt proud and brave. The day is October 14, 1962. One of our U2 spy planes pick up something strange. The denounce Plane sent us pictures of Cuban projectiles.On October 23 we form a secret meeting that includes all of my clo particularise Generals and my best men. During the meeting some other U2 plane sends us pictures of Soviet ships sending rockets to Cuba. We then decide of some plans to stop or pr type this from preceeding to be very dangerous. We lay down finally pertinacious to block off the incoming Soviet ships by forming a blockade.Our ships atomic number 18 sailing nicely and we are approaching Cuba. After about three hours we bring in the designated spot and form the blockade. I get scared and remember many important invents such as my marriage to Jaequeline Bouvier in 1953, my childhood, family and friends.We reach contact with the Soviet leader, Nikita Khrushcev. We make many comprimises and pitch man y ideas back and forth. While we talk one of our U2 Planes is flying right over Cuba and he is confirming that all MRBM sites are operational. Another U2 Plane is flying over Cuba and gets shot down feather.Well Khrushcev and I reached an agreement that he would take down all MRBM missiles if we removed our missiles in Turkey. This finish the Cuban rocket Crisis on Oct 28 1962. I was so relieved to go home and see my wife and kids.Cuban rocket CrisisExplain why affinitys changed between the regular army and the USSR as a result of make upts in Cuba between 1959 and 1962 and how the Cuban missile Crisis affected relations between the regular army and the USSR. The USA and the USSR never really got on subsequently WW2 ended, it was always a competition to see who the greatest superpower was. The Cuban Missile Crisis was the nearest that both(prenominal)(prenominal) sides came to an material thermonuclear contend. The tensions were intense for both sides, for both USA and USSR could have started a war if they wanted to because of their opponents.And in this essay I am going to rationalize why their relations changed and how the Cuban Missile Crisis affected relations between 1959 and 1962. One of the first reasons why relations between the USA and the USSR changed is because of Cuba, Cuba is the largest is set ashore in the Caribbean and it is rigid only 90 miles from Florida, in Confederate USA. Also the Americans owned most of the businesses, banks, sugar and tobacco plantations, as fountainhead as a large marine base. The Monroe Doctrine was a key split up of USAs foreign policy.This said that further efforts by European giving medications to colonise land or deputize with sates in the USA would be viewed by the USA as an act of aggression, requiring US intervention. The USA regarded the American continent as its sphere of influence and would not tolerate a communist government in power inside their sphere of influence. The overthrowing of the pro-American dictator, General Batista in 1959 also led to deterioration in US revelations with Cuba. The new leader of Cuba, Fidel Castro, nationalised industries and banks, and introduced land reforms.This hurt US banking interests, as it was their land and their businesses that were being taken over. In 1960 ended an argument to buy Cubas sugar exports, in 1961 the USA stony-broke off diplomatic relations and cut off all wad links with Cuba. This caused relations to change because a lot of their trade was with USA and they would have lost a good sum of money. Also Cuba was economically dependent on the USA, so Castro sour to the USSR. By 1962 over 80% of Cubas trade was with the USSR.Cuba exported sugar, fruit and tobacco and they also exported oil and machinery. And in 1961 Castro announced that Cuba was a communist country. Of course this sent alerting bells going in USA. President Kennedy wasnt prepared for a Russian sa recogniseite that was so close. And in April 1961 the CIA and 1400 Cuban exiles organised an invasion to overthrow Cubas communist leader. USA provided transport, weapons, military advisors. The mouth of Pigs invasion was a huge failure, and made Americans and especially Kennedy look foolish.Some of the Americans landing craft were wrecked by chromatic reefs which were mistaken for seaweed in photographs, and few pile joined the uprising which was quickly crushed. So this is how Cubas relations changed with the USA between 1959 October 1962. Cubas relation with the USSR is other reason for the relation changes between USA and the USSR. Well after USA cut diplomatic relations with Cuba, Castro edged closer to the USSR. In May 1962 the USSR concur to supply Castro weapons to protect Cuba from future US invasions.Not only did they supply them with thousands of guns but also, patrol boats, tanks and jet fighters, all this made the Cuban army better equipped. at that place were also 42,000 USSR soldiers that were sent to Cuba, t he Americans thought in that location were only 16,000 at most. In 1962, USSR was increasingly concerned at the missile gap resulting from USAs high quality in long range nuclear weapons. Khrushchev was also concerned about American/NATO missiles which were in Turkey, close to the USSR. Russian influence in Cuba offered Khrushchev an opportunity to proportion the threat.USSR sent technicians to secretly build silos, missile erectors and install 43 short and medium range missiles, which meant that USA were now in range of the missiles. The 13 day crisis was most likely the closest event that both sides have been to a nuclear war. On October 14th, a U2 plane got photographs of the missile sites. These photographs proved that the Russian missiles were well advanced and that most of the USA was in short and medium range of the missiles in Cuba. On October 16th President Kennedy sets up EXCOMM to deal with the crisis.On October 17th Khrushchev as convinced(predicate)s Kennedy that he will not put missiles in Cuba. On October 20th Kennedy decides that he is going to put a naval blockade around Cuba. On October twenty-second President Kennedy goes on television to tell the American people about the crisis. The news shocks the world as everyone knows a nuclear war would be fatal. On October 23rd the US navy set up the blockade around Cuba. On October 24th 18 Russian ships, many carrying parts for nuclear missiles, turned back, but there were still missiles in Cuba.On October 26th Khrushchev sent the first earn to Kennedy, in it he promised to remove the missiles from Cuba if Kennedy promised not to invade Cuba. On October twenty-seventh Khrushchev sent a second garner which demanded that the US remove the missiles from Turkey as well. News had come in that a U2 plane had been shot down over Cuba and the pilot killed. The tensions were high at this point, Kennedy could have declared war on them, military chiefs advised an air strike followed by an invasion. Kenne dy replied to the first letter and ignored the second letter judge Khrushchevs offer.He also promised to remove he missiles in Turkey but insisted this promise was to be kept a secret. And finally on October 28th Khrushchev original the offer and the crisis is over. The 13 day crisis was one of the biggest reasons why relations between USA and the USSR changed. The effects of the Cuban missile crisis were Kennedys reputation was enhanced as he stood up to Khrushchev and held his ground. Kennedy played down any show of triumph and praised Khrushchev for compromising, as Kennedy knew if he started boasting, that it could have the voltage to get Khrushchev angry and maybe even start a war.Khrushchev was criticised by the Chinese for taking the missiles out of Cuba. However, Khrushchev viewed his actions as a success as he got the missiles removed from Turkey. USA agreed that Castro could go on a communist leader. Both leaders realised how close they had actually come to a nuclear w ar, so a hot line to both The White House and The Kremlin was set up in 1963. The Cuban missile crisis also showed how the need for nuclear fortify control, so they brought in the Test conformity Ban which banned all nuclear tests except underground tests.In 1969 both signed a treaty on Non Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons which paved the way for a period of detente between the superpowers in the 1970s. These are the effects of the Cuban Missile Crisis on the superpower relations. The relations changed for sure between the USA and the USSR. The events in Cuba changed their relation between them especially when Cuba turned to the USSR for help when USA cut off all trades. But the Cuban Missile Crisis was the closest they were to a nuclear war and that would have been devastating. This was the biggest part of their change of relations.Cuban Missile CrisisExplain why relations changed between the USA and the USSR as a result of events in Cuba between 1959 and 1962 and how the Cuban mi ssile Crisis affected relations between the USA and the USSR. The USA and the USSR never really got on after WW2 ended, it was always a competition to see who the greatest superpower was. The Cuban Missile Crisis was the nearest that both sides came to an actual nuclear war. The tensions were intense for both sides, for both USA and USSR could have started a war if they wanted to because of their opponents.And in this essay I am going to explain why their relations changed and how the Cuban Missile Crisis affected relations between 1959 and 1962. One of the first reasons why relations between the USA and the USSR changed is because of Cuba, Cuba is the largest island in the Caribbean and it is situated only 90 miles from Florida, in Southern USA. Also the Americans owned most of the businesses, banks, sugar and tobacco plantations, as well as a large naval base. The Monroe Doctrine was a key part of USAs foreign policy.This said that further efforts by European governments to coloni se land or interfere with sates in the USA would be viewed by the USA as an act of aggression, requiring US intervention. The USA regarded the American continent as its sphere of influence and would not tolerate a communist government in power inside their sphere of influence. The overthrowing of the pro-American dictator, General Batista in 1959 also led to deterioration in US revelations with Cuba. The new leader of Cuba, Fidel Castro, nationalised industries and banks, and introduced land reforms.This hurt US banking interests, as it was their land and their businesses that were being taken over. In 1960 ended an argument to buy Cubas sugar exports, in 1961 the USA broke off diplomatic relations and cut off all trade links with Cuba. This caused relations to change because a lot of their trade was with USA and they would have lost a good sum of money. Also Cuba was economically dependent on the USA, so Castro turned to the USSR. By 1962 over 80% of Cubas trade was with the USSR.C uba exported sugar, fruit and tobacco and they also exported oil and machinery. And in 1961 Castro announced that Cuba was a communist country. Of course this sent alarm bells going in USA. President Kennedy wasnt prepared for a Russian satellite that was so close. And in April 1961 the CIA and 1400 Cuban exiles organised an invasion to overthrow Cubas communist leader. USA provided transport, weapons, military advisors. The Bay of Pigs invasion was a huge failure, and made Americans and especially Kennedy look foolish.Some of the Americans landing craft were wrecked by coral reefs which were mistaken for seaweed in photographs, and few people joined the uprising which was quickly crushed. So this is how Cubas relations changed with the USA between 1959 October 1962. Cubas relation with the USSR is another reason for the relation changes between USA and the USSR. Well after USA cut diplomatic relations with Cuba, Castro edged closer to the USSR. In May 1962 the USSR agreed to suppl y Castro weapons to protect Cuba from future US invasions.Not only did they supply them with thousands of guns but also, patrol boats, tanks and jet fighters, all this made the Cuban army better equipped. There were also 42,000 USSR soldiers that were sent to Cuba, the Americans thought there were only 16,000 at most. In 1962, USSR was increasingly concerned at the missile gap resulting from USAs superiority in long range nuclear weapons. Khrushchev was also concerned about American/NATO missiles which were in Turkey, close to the USSR. Russian influence in Cuba offered Khrushchev an opportunity to balance the threat.USSR sent technicians to secretly build silos, missile erectors and install 43 short and medium range missiles, which meant that USA were now in range of the missiles. The 13 day crisis was most likely the closest event that both sides have been to a nuclear war. On October 14th, a U2 plane got photographs of the missile sites. These photographs proved that the Russian missiles were well advanced and that most of the USA was in short and medium range of the missiles in Cuba. On October 16th President Kennedy sets up EXCOMM to deal with the crisis.On October 17th Khrushchev assures Kennedy that he will not put missiles in Cuba. On October 20th Kennedy decides that he is going to put a naval blockade around Cuba. On October 22nd President Kennedy goes on television to tell the American people about the crisis. The news shocks the world as everyone knows a nuclear war would be fatal. On October 23rd the US navy set up the blockade around Cuba. On October 24th 18 Russian ships, many carrying parts for nuclear missiles, turned back, but there were still missiles in Cuba.On October 26th Khrushchev sent the first letter to Kennedy, in it he promised to remove the missiles from Cuba if Kennedy promised not to invade Cuba. On October 27th Khrushchev sent a second letter which demanded that the US remove the missiles from Turkey as well. News had come in t hat a U2 plane had been shot down over Cuba and the pilot killed. The tensions were high at this point, Kennedy could have declared war on them, military chiefs advised an air strike followed by an invasion. Kennedy replied to the first letter and ignored the second letter accepting Khrushchevs offer.He also promised to remove he missiles in Turkey but insisted this promise was to be kept a secret. And finally on October 28th Khrushchev accepted the offer and the crisis is over. The 13 day crisis was one of the biggest reasons why relations between USA and the USSR changed. The effects of the Cuban missile crisis were Kennedys reputation was enhanced as he stood up to Khrushchev and held his ground. Kennedy played down any show of triumph and praised Khrushchev for compromising, as Kennedy knew if he started boasting, that it could have the potential to get Khrushchev angry and maybe even start a war.Khrushchev was criticised by the Chinese for taking the missiles out of Cuba. Howev er, Khrushchev viewed his actions as a success as he got the missiles removed from Turkey. USA agreed that Castro could remain a communist leader. Both leaders realised how close they had actually come to a nuclear war, so a hot line to both The White House and The Kremlin was set up in 1963. The Cuban missile crisis also showed how the need for nuclear arms control, so they brought in the Test Treaty Ban which banned all nuclear tests except underground tests.In 1969 both signed a treaty on Non Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons which paved the way for a period of detente between the superpowers in the 1970s. These are the effects of the Cuban Missile Crisis on the superpower relations. The relations changed for sure between the USA and the USSR. The events in Cuba changed their relation between them especially when Cuba turned to the USSR for help when USA cut off all trades. But the Cuban Missile Crisis was the closest they were to a nuclear war and that would have been devastating . This was the biggest part of their change of relations.

Technology in Modern Life

Technology has played an important role in the mod workplace. at rest(p) are the days of using paper and pencil to keep track of revenue, cash received, and other racy business statistics. Work that previously required human labor such as answering the border has now been replaced with automated machines which undersideister direct the same call at a cheaper price. Furthermore, information technology has allowed businesses to keep records on customers in order to advertise directly to them. Modern technology has improved the cleverness of the modern workplace. Computers are more savvy than ever and can perform complex tasks in remote less(prenominal) time than humans.I was looking for more information and found it here. Due to this efficiency, business owners have bring down human labor greatly. A receptionist is no longer demand in the modern workplace. Work that needed several people to accomplish without a computer can be accomplished by a single person with one. It is this desire for maximum effiency that has seen technology play its largest role. With companies demanding more and more production for less and less cost, technology has played a crucial role in modern business. Using a computer, a company can easily plan its inventory cycle without a single employee.Computer programs can compute how much inventory is on hand and then figure out the most effectual way to disperse the inventory to customers. With the economic aid of modern technology, an employee may only be needed to help with delivery and to enter information to the customer. A bar scanner is a great example of modern technology changing the workplace. The bar scanner can not only scan an item, but it can also update inventory. Additionally, it can alert the computer program to order more of a special(a) item when it becomes understocked. Due to this, the modern workplace has become far more efficient and robust.

Zen Psychology

In all that we learn, finding peace in all the hurt and happiness, tears and laughter, and ups and downs is non an easy thing. Finding the inspiration to accomplish the things that result make us whole tone like finish human beings is non an simple task. Like a wise person once said why is it that the deeper you go, the bigger it gets? What drives great men to do great things? What drives evil men to do evil things? How great deal I find the courage inside me to accomplish all that I want to do, much less, ensure out what I want to do? Life is full of assorted choices, which inevitably lead to different questions.Working, expiration to school, quitting your job, or moving to India all eventually lead to the question What am I going to do with my carriage now? Zen, is not an answer to these problems. Zen is more of a psychological cover rather thus a philosophical school of image. It doesnt try to touch on metaphysics, spirituality, or anything of the sort. It is more o f a complex psychology of betrothal, which turns out to be extraordinarily simple. Humans are untune with all external forms of life we are subject to life and death, pleasure and pain, love and fear, good and evil, stunning and ugly.We tend to s focal point, or strive towards one side, and reject its opposite. There is no real die hard of one or the other, yet we somehow believe that sooner or later, we will be able to fascinate the other side if we stay focused long enough. We often strive for good, hoping the evil in our lives will disappear. But the inevitable always arises, and we find ourselves in the same place that we started. Why is this? From a more Taoist point of view, life could not be without death. Pleasure could not exist without pain. Good could not exist without evil. Growth could not exist without stagnation.If the opposites are dependent on one another, why do we feel inclined to strive for one and reject the other? Why are we so dismayed of whats on the o ther side of the border? Zen is the psychology of judge both sides. It is accepting that good and evil are both a part of your life, so there is no consume to strive for one or fear the other. Pain is essential for pleasure, if pleasure is to be known as pleasure. Therefore, denial of one of these sides is like denying the existence of both ends. If we believe that evil disregardnot exist, then good gutternot exist, because then there is postal code to compare it to.However, if we accept that both good and evil exist in our lives, it can allow us to feel more at home in the piece. We can feel that the world is already whole, and that our lives are already perfect because we are living it. Acceptance also outspokens up the freedom in our lives. By accepting that we could one day be a distress, we start removing the fear of failure from our want to succeed. Our striving to succeed is then a choice, and not a product of our fear. Through our acceptance of our own fears, we will conquer them. But what is rightfully accepting everything in life? How can we sincerely accept everything that happens to us?Would making an effort to transport be just another attempt to escape an aspect of ourselves? After all, to truly be accepting, you have to accept that you may not be truly accepting, right? Acceptance is not changing things at all, yet at the same time, a change takes place by accepting. This is the dilemma that the Zen philosophy faces. To be accepting, we cant be forceful with life. We must accept all as it is, and let everything go. How the heck can we do that? Zen teaches that the only way to be truly accepting, is to live in the now. We hear that all the time, Live in the now. Live in the now.What does living in the now actually mean? By losing the foresight of the future, or hindsight in the past, we open up that world of acceptance. Some people will steal because they see that they have something more in their future. Some people will do good deed s because they feel that later on, they will feel better about themselves. victuals in the now, is discarding the past, not looking to the future, and just enjoying life as it is. Living in the now holds onto nothing, but accepts everything, because its a state of just awareness. Zen teaches that life is life, and nothing more, so we shouldnt try to make it something that it isnt.It is like the concept of the time of now, the concept exists, yet we can never hold on to it. Living in the now lets us see that all aspects of life are strangely beautiful and complex. Life is almost one of the most outrageous concepts ever thought of. We go through life, and we search for the answers, but oftentimes the search becomes so strong that we impart to live, we forget to smile, we forget that its all good in the hood. Zen tries to take it one step further, taking that frame of mind to every single moment of ones life. It doesnt teach us to follow certain ideals, it just teaches us to let go , and enjoy life as it is.

8ps of Services Marketing

subsidization Of Services Marketing Topic Develop 8Ps of Services selling for any new service Submitted To Mr. Selman Rabbani Submitted By Syeda Sahar Fatima Kanza Khurshid MBA 6(A) Registration 20381 and 20351 Bahria University Karachi Campus Dated 24-10-2012 THE FLAGENCE JEWEL INN (BRIDAL JEWELLERY ON RENT) Following are the 8Ps of services marketing for this new Service. In which we provide service of all types of Silver and Imitation Bridal jewellery including necklaces, ear rings, Bengals, bracelets, anklets, rings, chains, tika, j piazzar and nath. Our target market is upper middle, middle and lower middle class of society. . PRODUCT ELEMENT * coordinated & designer bridal jewellery according to latest fashion. * Matching bridal jewellery according to tralatitious and cultural taste & demand. * We also ask jewellery looking very comprehensive but necessitate very light feeling after wearing it, as it made up of very small material. * Also cause no side effects for alle rgic peoples. 2. PLACE & TIME * We confirm our outlets in all major cities of Pakistan. * Bookings can also be done on phone calls. * Our outlets are capable from 1200 noon to midnight. * Safely home deliveries. 3. PRICE We are using penetrating pricing strategies, 4000 per twenty-four hour period function without any further alteration and 4500 with alteration. * Tasty refreshments for our customers. * Individual attention for each customer by sales representatives to reduce their time cost. * Availability of baby chairs. * Special discounted packages for all three days of wedding. 4. publicity AND EDUCATION * We mostly use the print advertisements in weekly & monthly fashion and general magazines. * Pena-flexes in Shopping Malls and bill boards on busy roads of major cities of Pakistan. * Page on social media and have websites too. Private Cable T. V ads. * For our brand strengthening we establish some business partnering relationships with THE DEVAAS (the bridal dresses on ren t outlet) and leading bridal boutiques. 5. PROCESSES * We make sure that evaluation or feedback card must be filled by each customer while they are leaving the outlet. * We have well educate sales representatives to excellently deal with customers. * Our rent paying system is like this we ask Rs. 1000 on without alteration jewellery and Rs. 2000 on altered jewellery more, which is refundable when customers return back the jewellery. While on home deliveries this amount is increased by 10% on each type. 6. PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT * The glass walls look with decent bright lightening enhance the name and outlook of outlets. * Air fresheners and hanging T. Vs are pose on walls to make the inner atmosphere fresh, pleasant and enjoying. * Outlets are centrally air-conditioned. * Proper clean and smart glass counters are available. * Maximum space is available in outlets to at-least deal with 08 to 10 customers at a time. * Comfortable & smart looking form chairs and besides lying sofas a re placed to sit. . PEOPLE * We have representatives, who are very active, hardworking and friendly also welcoming & dealing customers with very positive gestures and postures. 8. productivity AND QUALITY * We keep quality by purchasing that kind of jewellery for rent which is according to consummate demand of customers and made up of material which is totally un-harming and delicate in nature. * We have customer oriented environment and have completely helping sales peoples. * We provide memorable, enjoying & pleasant experience of shopping and of see our outlets.

Describe the spatial patterns and dimensions of one ecosystem at risk, and analyse the negative impacts of human activity on this ecosystem Essay

render the spatial patterns and dimensions of one (1) eco trunk at risk, and analyse the negative impacts of human body process on this ecosystem. One ecosystem at risk that has been studied is the coral let down The large parapet Reef is located off the eastward coast of Northern Queensland. It stretches approximately 2300km from Papua New Guinea to Fraser Island. Overall the Great hindrance Reef system covers an atomic number 18a of over 348,000km2 making a vast, precise complex ecosystem. at that place is a long narration of human activity and use on and of the Great Barrier Reef. Negative impacts on the Great Barrier Reef include climate change, anoint spills, tourism, over searching, land clearing, sewage and waste disposal, coral harvesting and dredging and horse sense mining.Climate change has impacted Northern Queensland and the Great Barrier Reef as it improvers in sea temperature, increases in average sea level, has a change in rainfall patterns. It changes t he ocean currents and circulation, which has an increase in El Nino events which cause extreme weather and can damage the reef and cause a macroscopical standard of run off from the land, causing turbidity, lowering of salinity on the reef and increased quantity of sediment. Extreme weather conditions can similarly increase the CO2 levels which can likewise change the chemical structure of the Great Barrier Reef causing coral bleaching.On-going climate change end run through and has already caused many consequences for the Great Barrier Reef. This change will and has directly impacted many species of fish, invertebrate, mammals and birds on with many aquatic and terrestrial plants. There are also substantial impacts on the functioning of the reef. The biggest anxiety about climate change and the Great Barrier Reef is the rise in sea temperature which will affect the movement of body of water around the reef and the nutrient cycle on the reef which also means the chemical structure which will be altered because of the increased amount of CO2 turn into the water.With this and the rising sea levels, may be enough to abrogate the reef, collapsing of the reef ecosystem. Recreational fishing is also a common past-time on the reef. When boats anchor on the reef, the heavy metal anchors damage the reefs coral formations and trail up the sea grass bed. These boats are also a source of pollution through oil and oil spills, rubbish and sewage. The Great Barrier Reef Marine Park authorisation estimates that around 6000 plumping commercial ships transit through the Great Barrier Reef each division. These ships can carry anything from grain, minerals, bug out cargo (such as cars) and oil.Luckily there has not been a major oil spill on the reef. Ships also have the effectiveness to bring with them feral aquatic species by releasing ballast water which is used to balance the ship containing these aquatic animals. Commercial fishing or overfishing has been an of import economic activity for Queenslands coastal communities. Unsustainable fishing practices in the past have left many areas of the Great Barrier Reef with decreased fish stocks. While many areas of the Great Barrier Reef are straightaway off limits to commercial fishers, various areas of the reef can still be fished. Local fishermen are flat no longer a major threat to the reef as they understand the need to encourage the areas fish stocks.However, the reef still remains threatened by illegal fishing, which is much carried out by foreign fishing trawlers, and by unsustainable recreational fishing. Tourism is one of the most grand industries in Northern Queensland and the Great Barrier Reef being ranked twelfth on the Wonders of the realness list brings a lot of tourism to Australia and especially far North Queensland. The economic value of the Great Barrier Reef exceeds more than $4 billion a year. In 2005, over 1.8 million tourers chated the reef. search conducte d by the James Cook University in Cairns has shown that tourism has five main impacts on the reef ecosystem these are coastal tourism development, island-based tourism, marine based tourism, water-based activities and grotesquelife interactions.Coastal tourism development is explained as tourists mainly visit and stay at mainland Hotels, Motels and Resorts, where this places a strain on coastal environments, including estuarine river systems. Island-based tourism is the growth of tourism on islands throughout the Great Barrier Reef, which creates problems associated with sewage and rubbish discharges. Marine based tourism is where tourist boat companies make thousands of journeys out to the Great Barrier Reef each year, which brings rubbish and a potential for oil spills.These boats also require mooring points or anchor points on the reef which can destroy the coral. Water-based activities for explain diving and snorkelling are the most popular water-based activities on the reef. M ost divers(prenominal) are very careful and usually cause no damage to the corals. However, studies have shown that a undersize proportion of divers swim too close to the corals, breaking them. The more fragile corals are susceptible to this. Wildlife interactions is the interactions with aquatic animals that run on the reef, most tourism operators are very careful to ensure tourists are well sensible and to be strict with these rules and make sure that the tourists do not get too close to the wild animals that live on the reef, However, once again research shows that there are still a small portion of operators and tourists that are careless and disrupt wildlife which can impact on breeding cycles and natural interactions. early(a) impacts of tourism on the Great Barrier Reef include trampling of coral. This is a common event where people walk on the reefs and the coral that become exposed at low tide. Souveniring of coral, shells and some other elements of the reef ecosystem was also a major problem. In the past tourists and some commercial traders took large amounts of materials such as corals, mostly from the inner reef, which has now been constituted as being illegal unless the collector is correctly licensed. There are 26 major river systems that flow into the waters of the Great Barrier Reef from mainland Queensland. Approximately 25% of the land area of Queensland drains onto the reef. This runoff represents a major impact on the reef. Coastal development on land adjacent to the reef is expanding rapidly.Tourist developments such as those found between Cairns and Port Douglas, result in large amounts of land that is being cleared. The Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority has information and research that the clearing of wetlands is another major issue impacting on the sustainability of the reef. Intertidal wetlands provide important habitats and nurseries for many of thousands of species that liv eon or beneficial the reef. These wetlands als o hold a large amount of water reducing the amount of fresh water the Great Barrier Reef receives each year which keeps salinity levels stable. Aquaculture is becoming a more popular form of commercial farming.Prawns, a number of fish species and pearl and edible oysters are commercially farmed throughout the Great Barrier Reef and in ponds near or next to the reef. These farms can sometimes release chemicals and diseases that impact and cause damage to the other species of aquatic life on the reef which can also cause pollution. Conventional culture on the coastal plain adjacent to the reef has been of great concern for reef ecologists and marine biologists.The use of chemical fertilisers in the farming areas of the reef can increase nutrients that promote algae growth. The algae can and already has been smothering the reef which causes a decrease in light penetration for the corals to perform photosynthesis to grow. A type of agriculture that can dramatically harm the reef inclu des land clearing which results in the erosion of topsoil and an increase in turbidity levels in the water. There are a large number of negative impacts on the ecosystem at risk studied, but the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority, along with other smaller groups including the Aboriginal Culture have been enforcing a number of ways to protect and create sentience to tourists, fishers and all people on or visiting the reef or surroundings to keep the ecosystem as stable as they can.

UK/Asian Response to Sexually Explicit Advertising

Writing this dissertation has been extremely difficult, demanding, and extremely prison term consuming, to a greater extentover it has also pass ond insight into exactly how practically of an impact, good or otherwise, sexually implicit announce has on a predominantly sheltered society. There are unfortunately a limited number of experimental studies that make been completed on this subject, and perhaps through the offering of this thesis can more march on and concurrent data be exhumed and learned from.I would like to thank my professors and supervisors at the University that commit helped me along the federal agency in ensuring that I was kept on track during the entire process, for they have been instrumental in serving me through the more difficult times and the rough spots that I endured from time to time.It is anticipated that this thesis will only be the beginning forage into an unknown and provocative world of ad and raise additional material to carry on with future students.The world of advertising has the inevitable task of having to cater to all factions of societies in which companies prove to capture a share of the consumer market. Advertisers must tailor its gets at delivering fault messages depending on the target audience, be it members of Western or Eastern heathenish groups.The reaction to sex in advertising can be viewed in a positive or negative fashion, depending on the set and wisdoms of those who view the ads. The entire process of ensuring fluidity with public perception is entirely up to the advertisers themselves, and what is acceptable in the West is not al miens the case in the East.More specifically, Western coatings tend to have a much higher tolerance of sexual imagery, while Eastern cultures tend to generally be more pique by ads that exploit sexuality to promote consumer products.The same ads whitethorn generate vastly different responses when viewed by members of the two divergent cultural groups. The d ramatic difference in the response the ads generate is due to cultural beliefs, practices, and ideals that promote varying attitudes toward sex among those who live in Western societies and those who live in Eastern societies.As mavin of the more provocative global advertisers, Benetton continually looks to engage the public in their form of sexually-driven advertising in an attempt to gauge the reaction of the public.Although Benetton is only one of the major Western advertisers that is making inroads in the easterly hemisphere, they have an interesting task of marketing to more conservative sectors of society, mainly the Asian people. The Asian association has a long-standing infix value system that may or may not ever puss up to the waxen Western culture group.Due to the cultural differences that exist in Asian culture, Western-based advertisers have a formidable task in figuring out how to deliver brand messages in ways that are both effective and culturally acceptable. Thi s poses a significant challenge to advertisers, because they must thoroughly research the ideals and beliefs of those to whom they seek to direct their brand messages.When looking at advertisements with sexual undertones, Western culture views this type of traumatize advertising as generally accepted and it is not really given a second shine as it is viewed as an acceptable part of societal values. But, in the eastern hemisphere, this type of culture shock may be acceptable with the younger generation, albeit not as gregariously as with their western counterparts, but with the aged generation of Asian and UK families, attitudes toward this type of sexually explicit advertising are not perhaps as accommodating.UK/Asian Response to wind upually Explicit AdvertisingWriting this thesis has been extremely hard, demanding and extremely time consuming, but has also provided insight into exactly how much of an impact, good or otherwise, sexually implicit advertising has on a predominantl y sheltered society.There is unfortunately a limited number of empirical studies that have been completed on this subject and perhaps through the offering of this thesis can more modernistic and concurrent data be exhumed and learned from.I would like to thank my professors and supervisors at the University that have helped me along the way in ensuring that I was kept on track during the entire process and has been instrumental in destiny me through the more difficult times and the rough spots that I endured from time to time.It is anticipated that this thesis will only be the beginning forage into an unknown and provocative world of advertising and provide additional material to carry-on with future students.ABSTRACTThe world of advertising has the inevitable task of having to cater to all factions of society, be it western or eastern cultural groups, and the reaction to sex in advertising can be viewed in a positive or negative fashion. The entire process of ensuring fluidity wi th public perception is entirely up to the advertisers themselves and what is acceptable in the west is not always the case in the east.One of the more provocative global advertisers, Benetton, continually looks to engage the public in their form of sexually-driven advertising in an attempt to gauge the reaction of the public.Although Benetton is only one of the major western advertisers that is making inroads in the eastern hemisphere, they have an interesting task of marketing to a societal sector, mainly the Asian people, that have a long-standing embedded value system that may or may not ever catch up to the impressionable western culture group.When looking at advertisement with sexual undertones, western culture views this type of shock advertising as generally accepted and not really given a second glance as it is viewed as an acceptable part of societal values but, in the eastern hemisphere, this type of culture shock may be acceptable with the younger generation albeit not a s gregariously as with their western counterparts but, with the older generation of Asian and UK families this type of sexually explicit advertising is not perhaps as accommodating.REFERENCES Albers-Miller, N. D. (1996). Designing cross-cultural advertising research a closer look at paired comparisons. International Marketing Review 13(5) 59-75.Albers-Miller, N. D. and B. D. Gelb (1996). Business Advertising Appeals as a Mirror Of Cultural Dimensions A Study of Eleven Countries. Journal of Advertising 25(4) 57-70.Alden, D. L., W. D. Hoyer, et al. (1993). Identifying Global and Culture-Specific Dimensions in Humor in Advertising A Multinational Analysis. Journal of Marketing 57(2) 64-75.Andrews, J. C. and S. Durvasula (1994). Testing the Cross-National Applicability of U.S. and RussianAdvertising Beliefs and Attitude Measure. Journal of Advertising 23(1) 71-83.Belk, R. W. and W. J. Bryce (1986). Materialism and unmarried Determinism in U.S. and JapaneseTelevision Advertising. Advan ces in Consumer Research 13 568-672.Belk, R. W., W. J. Bryce, et al. (1985). Advertising Themes and Cultural Values A Comparison of U.S. and AsiaCentre for Adolescents and Family Studies. 2003. Sex in Advertising. http//education.indiana.edu/cas/tt/v1i3/advertising.html

Performance Management Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Performance Management - Term Paper ExampleThe basic similarity between both the three books is that all of them provide practical examples and implications of the studies carried out in the workplaces. However, discussing the differences, the book, Motivating Human Service cater written by Reid and Parsons the focus is on increasing motivating through supervisory control where authors comport the view that employees should be made to work hard, but at the same time, they should enjoy their work because they argon either given good incentives or are acknowledged, recognized and praised for performing well. In this regard, Reid & Parsons provided an example stating that in service industries most of the employees are seen having low morale or reduced levels of motivation, the reason being that the genius of such industries lacks clear incentives. Moreover, it is seen that even the workforce itself carries such de-motivating traits because either their organizational structure is autocratic, or they may not have a history to work in the same profession before. Thus, as per the authors, during these situations, motivation becomes the responsibility of the management, and it is necessary for them to identify ways to support diligent workforce.Such examples given in the book enter that Reid and Parson feel that the changes in behavior, as well as, skills can be carried if the employees are given a clear set of goals to accomplish along with key drivers that provide support for them to accomplish their goals.