Jump Shot In Handball

Jump Shot In Hand eggThe stomach shot is unmatched of the most important elements of hand orb as in the game, motor behavior atomic number 18 performed in specific conditions with the presence of players of the opposing team and while adhering to the regulations. However which areas end be controlled and are used to make the handball action more efficient? Thus we will look into the jump-start shot in which handball is analyzed in its different phases to find out its efficiency.The goals of the run, jump, shoot are ball stop number and trueness. Maximum ball velocity and precision is required to minimize the chance of the opponent or goal keeper intercepting the shot. In team handball, shooting to score goals is one of the most important aspects of the game. In order for a shot to be successful, it must have maximum ball velocity and precision for an element of surprise for the goalkeeper (Wagner Muller, 2008). Wagner, Buchecker, Duvillard, and Mulller (2010) state that 67% of ball velocity at ball release was explained by the summation effects from the velocity of jostle extension and internal rotation of the shoulder. Thus we divide them into Approach, Take-off, Shoot, grease.Logically speaking, the devalueder the ball is thrown and twisted at the goal the goalkeeper will have a lesser quantify to save the shot. In order for a throw to be successful, the highest velocity at ball release together with aiming accuracy is required therefore during the game, thus the athlete has to keep up with the optimal efficiency of these two parts (Za varianceidis, Gouvali, Bayios, Boudolos, 2007). truth is something defined as variable. We didnt want to make it become a close-system where the subject keeps hitting at the same spot. Thus in the analyzing operation stage, we came out with a table to judge the subject throwing effectiveness in performing the aptitude. Zapartidis, Toganidis, Vareltzis, Christodoulidis, Kororos, and Skoufas (2009) reported tha t players during the game are nonably affected by time as aiming accuracy or ball velocity gradually decrease.In all sports tasks, most coaches apply eight biomechanical principles when analyzing their athletes (Bartlett, 2007). These eight principles push aside be separated into two encompassing categories. The 3 basic universal principles use of the stretch-shortening cycle, minimisation of energy used, control degrees of freedom. The other 5 general principles sequential action of muscles, minimization of inertia, heart rate generation, maximize the acceleration path, stability. These apply to sports tasks which are usually used by speed generation.However not all of the principles can be used to apply in every sport. For example, the stability is a one of the biomechanical principle which is applicable to sumo wrestling. Whereas it is not applicable in the game of handball, as there is a lesser vehemence on having a wide base of support for stability when preparing for a s hot (Knudson, 2007).In handball, the biomechanical principles that can be applied are use of the stretch-shortening cycle, minimization of energy used, control degrees of freedom, sequential action of muscles, minimization of inertia, impulse generation and maximizing the acceleration path.The recruitment of each part of the body is important by allowing the development of maximal velocity of these part. This begins from the proximal parts then to the distal parts of the body. The larger proximal go starts the action by accelerating, thus a transfer of momentum results in a high velocity to the smaller distal joints. Each segments of the kinetic chain is linked to the stoppage of the proximal part results in the increase of angular velocity (Pori, Bon, Sibila, 2005).When performing the shot, certain physiological characteristics are taken into considerations. then, at least for some muscular groups there should be the shortest possible time between extension and contraction for muscles involved in this phase (Pori et al., 2005). Pori et al. (2005) concluded that develop players make use of extensors in the wrist better than worse players.Components of Skill1. Approach (Run-up)PhysiqueWe assume there will be significant differences to the speed of ball release in our goal of learning regarding to body bloom and body clog between handball players of different performance levels (Hasan, Reilly, Cable, Ramadan, 2007). Are tall athletes better than shorter ones? Thus we have physique. Taller handball players with greater body weight have the ability to achieve a higher ball release speed (Wagner et al., 2010).Maximizing acceleration path is a critical factor employ the work-energy relationship which shows that a moving object is equals to work done. This is important for the handballer maximizing use of the run-up which to apply force (Bartlett, 2007). Using the formula Velocity/ beat Acceleration for an increase in velocity, acceleration also increases.2. Take-off ContactMaximize force generation is a critical factorThis is where the Angle, Speed, Height of Jump comes. gain ground increase in speed at take-off is required by generating more impulse just at take-off. Using the impulse-momentum relationship where change of momentum, I=Ft, change magnitude in I= increased Force exerted on the ground multiply by increased Time of force. From an increased in F we have F=Mass of the athlete multiply by increasing Acceleration of the athlete. This movement requires being fast and powerful at take-off.4. ShootSequence of trunk joint and muscle group in throwBall velocity at ball release was explained by the summation effects from order of the proximal parts to the distal parts of the body (Wagner et al., 2010).High release point is a critical factorA high elbow release point postulate to generate much velocity. The time of the take-off contact would point to fast and elastic strength of the subject and indirectly affect the height of a t hrow and ball velocity.5. LandContact with the ground is a critical factorDecreased force over a period of time by refuseing knees when landing place to reduce the mean impact force which also can prevent further injury.Deterministic Model Run, Jump, ShootFigure 1Important considerations for phototaping the skillThe points below have been well thought-out to minimize errors recorded during two-dimensional filming, thus improving the accuracy of all data (Bartlett, 2007). Perspective and parallax errors were paid carefully prudence to.1) Position of cameraThe camera is mounted on a fixed tripod, on a level ground and aiming at the subject. The camera is positioned as remote remote from the action in order to reduce perspective error. The field of view (FOV) is adjusted to match with the performance of the subjects which as is recorded. As this take reinforcement of the performer on the projected image and increases the accuracy of digitizing. Once the FOV is in place and it is kept constant at all time. The camera is placed rectangular to capture the movement of the subjects, horizontal scale of 7m and vertical reference from the goal post. The set-up is shown below, Figure 2.Figure 2A line was marked out 7 meters from the goalpost and subject use the take off area as point of jump. The camera was place 10 meters perpendicular to the take off area.2) Lighting shoot is done outdoors, a location with a dull and non-reflective background was use to allow the athlete and the ball to standout. This will make it easier to assess the movement patterns and biomechanics of the jump shot. In contrast, if the background or backdrop was to be too bright, the athlete would be hard to spot.3) BackgroundThe background is as neat as possible, simpleton and non-reflective as it provides a good contrast which allows the viewing and estimating of the axes of rotation from the subjects anatomical landmarks.4) Shutter SpeedA shut speed of 1/2000 was selected as this shutte r speed would allow for slow motion playback and ease the motion analysis process. Using a lower shutter speed would cause blurriness when the video is playback, while a higher shutter speed comes with a decrease in image quality, thus making analysis impossible.5) Subject PreparationThe enter of the movement is as unpretentious as possible. The subject is briefed that he is performing in front of a camera in an experimental perspective and had comminuted clothing to minimize errors in locating body landmarks. A verbal consent is obtained from the athlete participating in the analysis. The subject was told to throw the ball as fast as possible into the net for the initial 4 shots. After which, he was wedded coaching cues to veracious his technique and delivery of the skill.Results of the Videotaping SessionThe masculine subject is a national basketball player who trains 5 times a week (Height-189 cm body mass 82kg age 24 historic period old). He does not have prior experience to playing handball therefore is a suitable candidate. In order to evaluate the over arm throwing performance, correspond to the International Handball Federation, (IHF), rules of the game a standard handball was used (Circumference 58-60cm and Weight 425-475g, IHF Size 3, for Men and Male Youth (over age 16). The subject was told to throw as fast as possible no coaching cues were given for the first 4 shots. Therefore we came up an evaluation of the quality of the execution skill for the subject in Table 3.Table 3MarkRun-upTake-OffShootLand3Optimal speed of stride and synchronized lowering of CG, Execution is smooth, in cadencedPlanting of takeoff leg accurately, take-off is vertical, explosivenessThe elbow is high and moving aprospicient height of the head, correct use of sequential muscle groups into the throw, explosive stopping pointLand on take-off leg or on both legs simultaneously with knees bend2Fairly too short or too long stride, Execution still fluent, in cadencedPlac ement of takeoff leg rather far from the goal, take-off going a little too forwardThe elbow still moving low, technique of execution betterAverage execution, with slight unbalance1Lack of speed, hasty lowering of CG, not in cadenced, short execution, execution is poorPlacement of takeoff leg is too far from the goal, take-off oriented too forward, lack of explosivenessPlacement of takeoff leg is significantly away from the goal, take-off directed markedly forwardLand on non-take- off leg, poor executionLegend CG centre of gravity Mark 1 Poor, 2 Average, 3 GoodAs for the first 4 jumps shots, the subject attainted 10.6 0.2 m/sec for the ball velocity at release. The following are the results of the first 4 jump shots, Table 4.Table 4AttemptRun-upTake-OffShootLandTotal Score121115212126321216421317Attempts to give too many cues to the subject will paralyze the subject. After letting him explore the jump shot on the initial 4 shots, this time the subject was then told to aim for t he top right hand corner of the goalpost, using the jump shot technique. We gave him coaching cues to correct his technique starting from the run-up phrase, take-off, shoot and then leading to landing phrase, Table 5.Table 5Critical Features instruct CuesRun-upTake a long third stepTake-offExplosiveness-gain vertical heightOptimize height of releaseRelease at the topAngle of releaseDraw a semi circleSummation of forcesSmooth-jump and shootRotation of ballFlip wristLandBend kneesThe following are the results of the jump shots with coaching cues given to him in Table 6. The subject attainted an improved 12.6 0.4 m/sec for the ball velocity at release.Table 6AttemptRun-upTake-OffShootLandTotal Score52231863322107232298333312Qualitatively analysisEvaluation of performanceAfter taking the video for the running jump shot, we compare it to a elite athlete jump shot. There are a few features which are important in the sequence, the run up (3 steps), the jump and the throw.The run upThe 3 s teps run up will provide the athlete impulse for the jump shot. As impulse = change in momentum (Blazevich, 2007).F.t = m.v m.uMomentum is the quantity of motion possessed by the body. Therefore a run up is important in this aspect. After assessment, we found out that the subject did a 1 step run up which did not create enough impulse. Therefore the rating is poor -good for the run upCritical Features RatingThe run up Poor1 step run upThe jumpThe height of the jump is determined by a few factors, the weight of the athlete and the acceleration.F = maThe reason for the bending of the knees for a higher jump is that the time it takes for the athletes to leave the floor (Muller, 2009).v = u + atVavg = s/tPresume the jump height is the same, the less time, he takes to jump the same distance, the more velocity the person create, the higher the person will go. By contracting the quadriceps, will stretch the tendon, by doing this, it is possible to jump higher. The assessment for the subje ct is poor-good as he did not bend his knee, and straighten his leg after that.Critical Feature RatingBend stifles Poor-GoodStraighten leg PoorBend Knee? Straighten leg?The throwThe speed of the throw is determined by the speed difference and the time it take for the ball to leave the hand. It is similar to the scheme of the jump, where the more distance and less time you take the faster the ball will travel. The difference is that there is a twist to the body therefore there is an angular motion to it.= (f f)/t = /tSince the mass of the ball is the constant. The only factor that can influence the amount of force being exacted on it is acceleration.T = I (angular)Critical Features RatingThe pull back Poor GoodThe follow through Poor GoodPull back? play along throughCorrecting the performanceThe whole sequence of the running throw will be broken to parts to teach the subject.Critical FeaturesRatingPictureRemarks / StrategiesCoaching CuesThe run upPoorThe run up will be done in 3 steps, the subject will attempt to take 3 wide steps to gain speed.Wide StepMore ForceBend KneesPoor GoodThe subject will jump on the spot, with the knees bend before the jump.Squat moreStraighten legPoorThe subject will jump and straighten the leg to gain more height.Explode broadenThe pull backPoor GoodThe subject will try to shoot with the jump. By pulling the arm further back.Arc back sports stadium ShoulderThe follow throughPoor GoodWith the pull back, the subject will attempt the follow through with the same action.Follow through knock off armDiscussionThere are mainly two factors in shooting technique of handball, the first is speed ball velocity of shoot, and the second factor is that no clear prediction of direction to shoot for goal keeper. This approach gives a good evaluation on the kinematic structure in analyzing handball. Thus, this model can be used in detecting the efficiency of the jump shot. An examination of individuals information and its comparison with t he model allow us to identify weakness in the execution of jump shot. The use of biomechanical analysis maybe helpful in correcting or perfecting techniques, however the efficiency of the player in a game does not depend solely on performing a perfect kinematics structure during an isolated testing environment.